Monday, April 14, 2014

Fans of The Hunger Games Enthusiastic Readers or Bigoted Fandom BlogHer

Based on a wildly popular young-adult science fiction book trilogy, is one of the most anticipated movies hitting theaters in 2012. But months before the movie's premiere, the casting of the film is stirring one of 2011's hottest debates about race in Hollywood. The debate was stoked up again recently, as were released to the public.

Hunger Games poster

Image Credit: Lions Gate Films

Actress (Winter's Bone; The Poker House) plays Katniss Everdeen, who volunteers to take the place of her younger sister in the forced, fight-to-the-death competition that is a commonplace in the post-apocalyptic society setting.

Just like the vampire romance book-turned-film series Twilight, the fandom is rabid. Many fans have taken an emotional interest in the characters, so when the film posters were released earlier this month, some people were outraged when the characters they had imagined in their minds did not look the same as the actors who will portray them in the film. The casting of secondary characters Rue and Cinna, who will be portrayed by Black actors Amandla Stenberg and Lenny Kravitz, was met with outrage. The below comments were posted on The Hunger Games' Facebook page. On Rue:

��I imagined her to be a little girl and def. not ethnic. This girl is beautiful though :)��

(Emphasis mine)

What the hell does that mean? Because she is Black, she is not female? "Ethnic" people are usually not attractive? And about Cinna:

��One Word: BLEH��

��Cinna is my favorite character and it��s the only casting choice I really don��t like. It��s not only because he doesn��t look like Cinna, it��s because I don��t think he will be able to re-enact Cinna��s calm temper and quiet personality. I really hope I��m wrong about this, he just can��t ruin this for me:<��

So ... a Black man cannot play a character not because of his skin color, but because inherently, he cannot have a "calm temper and quiet personality?" Okay, get a life, you clueless bigot.

But despite the really offensive (and quite frankly, really troublesome) comments, the most telling issue about these comments is how people have envisioned these characters, not because of how they were described in the book but because of how they see the world.

A White world. A White world in which everyone is yes, white, but to them a perfect world where everyone has the same assumed "temperament," values and perfect looks. On the website , Roxie Moxie posts the descriptions of the characters from the book from the official Wiki page. About Rue:

"And most hauntingly, a twelve-year-old girl from District 11. She has dark brown skin and eyes, but other than that, she��s very like Prim in size and demeanor." -- Katniss Everdeen, while watching Rue��s reaping. (A reaping is the event in which children as young as 12 are chosen to eventually participate in The Hunger Games.) {}

On Cinna:

Most people who live in the Capitol follow very absurd fashion trends. This is not the case for Cinna. The first time he is seen in the book, he is described as wearing a simple black shirt with matching pants. His one strange fashion choice is gold eyeliner, which brings out the gold flecks in his green eyes and which Katniss describes as attractive. Other than that, Cinna looks very normal, with close-cropped natural dark brown hair and slightly dark skin. {}

So what's the issue, unless people thought that ��brown skin�� meant a White person with a tan? This could be the case (even though a stretch), but still doesn��t quite explain the above commenter��s thinking that a Black actor playing the role will not have the intellectual capacity to portray the character in the way in which they see fit.

And to post this shit on a public forum also means that the commenters felt that -- or perhaps didn��t care, but I doubt that -- that the only people who are passionate about the books and upcoming movie must also be White, too. It��s amazing how one��s limited sense of the world, the way these people believe life should be, is projected through to others as an absolute.

Even the casting of the heroine, Katniss, stirred up allegations of white-washing. The book contained only a brief physical description of the main character, about which :

The debate over Katniss��s on-screen ethnicity (or lack thereof) has raged in the Hunger Games fan community ever since a film adaptation was announced, owing to author Collins�� seemingly specific descriptions of the young heroine��s ethnicity. Described as having dark hair, olive skin, and gray eyes (in contrast to her fair-haired mother and sister), Katniss is thought by some readers to be of Mediterranean, Latin, Asian, or mixed descent.

However, the casting call requested that only audition. And that led to Lawrence getting the role, dying her hair and getting a tan. felt that while yes, the original description was "ethnically vague," the casting call should have at least been open to actors of color.

The controversy over ��whitewashing�� original ethnic characters is nothing new. When actor portrayed Ghandi, those who did not know that Kingsley was actually part Indian (and English) wondered why an Indian actor was not cast as national hero. Angelina Jolie was cast to play Marianne Pearl (who is biracial), donning a curly wig and a tan for a biopic in 2006; . There was also some recent ire about actor / director Kenneth Brannagh��s decision to to play Thor. The Council of Conservative Citizens tried to create a boycott of the film, horrified that a ��Nordic God�� was going to be played by a ��Hip-Hop�� DJ.

So what does this say about the Hollywood machine? There have been countless articles and complaints about the lack of diversity in movie roles. There have also been complaints that the roles made available to actors of color (some that have been written by Black writers / directors) are stereotypical ones, at best, and downright offensive at worst. However, mainstream movies are a business, and while production companies have always taken risks on stories that border on the subversive () they rarely take risks on the casting. Why? People do not like it.

So who is at fault? The producers could not have gotten away with casting White actors for the role of Rue and Cinna because of their descriptions on the book. But it is also a very acceptable decision because they are secondary characters. Ultimately, Hollywood has to adhere to what the public wants, as the public will be paying to watch the film and buy the accompanying merchandise.

We need to look at how our perceptions about the world affect what entertainment productions are given the green light. Many of us publicly claim to loathe reality TV, but someone is watching it. Our society is incredibly diverse, in terms of race, religion and sexuality; while it is common sense to show that diversity on the big screen, there will always be people who can��t handle the truth.

Contributing Editor -Race, Ethnicity & Culture

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Friday, April 11, 2014

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Tuesday, April 8, 2014

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Oakley Baseball Sunglasses On Sale 'They are equal'

London (CNN) -- Andrew Wale is a writer and actor. His partner, Neil Allard, is a guesthouse owner. Together, they helped make history.

After the clock struck midnight on Friday, the couple were among the first men marrying men and women marrying women in a range of ceremonies across England and Wales as a historic law legalizing same-sex marriage finally comes into force.

Wale and Allard have long known they wanted to commit officially and have waited five years for gay and lesbian couples to be able exchange vows legally in their home country.

That day has finally come.

"When we were born, it was illegal to be gay, let alone get married," Wale, 49, said during last-minute preparations ahead of the wedding. "I didn't think about the possibility for most of my life. It is only really recently that suddenly the option seemed to be on its way."

Wearing velvet-collared three-piece suits with white flowers in their buttonholes, the smiling couple of seven years hugged and kissed after they became "husband and husband".

The marriage law was the final victory in a long battle that has secured the same age of consent as heterosexuals and the right to adopt. England and Wales are among 15 countries as well as parts of the United States and Mexico that allow same-sex marriage. The Netherlands was the first in 2001, and last year Brazil, Uruguay, New Zealand and France also joined the list.

The opulent splendor of the Royal Pavilion in the English city of Brighton provided the backdrop to Wale's and Allard's marriage. Theirs was the first same-sex wedding in a city that celebrates gay pride every year and is proud of its history of inclusion.

As the winners of a competition by the local council to find the right couple for the historic occasion, they exchanged vows shortly after midnight beneath the nine lotus-shaped chandeliers hung from the gilded cockleshell domed ceiling of the music room, where King George IV's guests were once entertained with Handel or Italian opera.

'They are equal'

Going through final details with the wedding's organizers earlier this week, Wale and Allard said they were excited beyond measure.

Both had agreed civil partnership did not feel like full equality and decided to wait for marriage. But there was no sign that this would be possible until recently.

The same-sex marriage bill was published by Britain's coalition government in January last year. In July, the legislation was approved to allow same-sex couples to officially marry in England and Wales.

Prime Minister David Cameron faced vocal opposition from some members of his Conservative Party. The Church of England also objected, and was given an exemption from conducting same-sex ceremonies.

But in a shift in tone ahead of the weddings, Archbishop of Canterbury Justin Welby, leader of the world's 80 million Anglicans, signaled the Church of England would mount no more resistance to gay marriage among churchgoers as Parliament had spoken.

"I think the church has reacted by fully accepting that it's the law, and should react on Saturday by continuing to demonstrate in word and action, the love of Christ for every human being," he told the Guardian newspaper.

In an article on Pink News, an online magazine that focuses on the gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgendered community, Cameron said this weekend marked "an important moment for our country."

"It says we are a country that will continue to honor its proud traditions of respect, tolerance and equal worth," he wrote. "It also sends a powerful message to young people growing up who are uncertain about their sexuality. It clearly says 'you are equal' whether straight or gay."

A rainbow flag flew above government offices in London in celebration.

Battles remain

Scotland, which will hold a referendum on independence from Britain in September, last month became the latest to give the green light to gay marriage. The fourth British link, Northern Ireland, has stated it does not intend to introduce same-sex marriage legislation.

Gay couples in Britain have spent years campaigning for gay rights. Civil partnerships were introduced in England and Wales in 2005, effectively giving gay couples the same legal rights as heterosexuals.

But campaigners insisted that only full equality would do. Unlike France, where legalizing same-sex marriage prompted fierce opposition from many social conservatives and the Catholic Church, there were no mass protests in Britain.

But for all the joy the weddings will bring, discrimination and bigotry remain issues in Britain.

In January, a local councilor was suspended from the anti-immigration UK Independence Party (UKIP) after blaming devastating floods on the legalization of gay marriage.

"We never really hold hands in the street, we're quite careful about those kind of things -- simply because it was always quite a dangerous thing to do. It's still not entirely safe. Our friends were beaten up six months ago for holding hands in the street," Wale said.

"Now I am feeling slightly more relaxed about that kind of thing. I feel I have rights to be affectionate with this person that I am going to marry -- otherwise what does it represent?"

A recent Yougov poll in Britain showed that most people support the new change in law allowing same-sex couples to marry, but a third still think gay people are treated worse than straight people.

Making a statement

For Wale and Allard, the Royal Pavilion is where they met when they first started dating, so it was a fitting venue for the next step in their relationship.

They put much thought into personalizing the ceremony, which was attended by friends from as far away as New York, and there was a cellist and songs sung by friends.

The media also attended -- as with many of the first other same-sex weddings on Saturday. The attention has been so huge that the local council has even received requests from ordinary Britons from across the country asking to attend Wale's and Allard's ceremony.

For the couple, exchanging vows is not just about making a statement to each other, but to the world.

"I think it's important to make those kind of statements, be visible, be proud of who you are and what you are in a world which seems to be stepping backwards in lots of different places," Wale said. "There are gay people struggling to be allowed to form relationships."

Many couples getting married say they hope to send out messages of support to other gays facing discriminatory laws in their own countries. Last month, Ugandan President Yoweri Museveni signed into law a bill that toughens penalties against gay people and defines some homosexual acts as crimes punishable by life in prison. In Russia, a "propaganda" law bans even discussion of homosexuality anywhere that children might hear it.

"There are a lot of countries where it is illegal. We can show other countries that we are stepping forward," Allard, 48, said, adding he felt lucky and privileged.

Instead of gifts, the couple asked their guests to make a donation to Stonewall -- a charity that campaigns for equality and justice for lesbians, gay men and bisexuals.

"I want the wedding day to be a fully celebratory experience but at the same time, I don't want to forget that it's a relative freedom," Wale said. "We haven't reached the end of the line. There is still a long way to go."

CNN's Lindsay Isaac contributed to this report

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Thursday, April 3, 2014

discount Oakley sunglasses Outlet Australia Fitch warns on China debt - Apr. 10, 2013

Fitch Ratings has issued a warning over excessive debt levels in China, arguing that a surge in credit and a reliance on murky lending practices have increased the chance of financial instability.

Fitch cut China's long-term local currency rating Tuesday to A+ from AA-, bringing it in line with the country's foreign debt rating. The ratings downgrade applies only to debts denominated in yuan.

The ratings agency said it issued the rare downgrade because of three factors: Structural weaknesses in China's economy, an expansion of easy credit and the rise of an opaque shadow banking system.

The problems are related.

In response to the global financial crisis in 2008, China moved to stimulate its economy by increasing the amount of available credit.

Banks and other lenders responded, with credit in China growing since 2009 at a quicker pace than gross domestic product. Only one country -- Qatar -- was issuing credit at a faster rate.

By the end of 2012, credit issued by Chinese banks to the private sector reached 136% of GDP, the third-highest level of any emerging market country rated by Fitch.

Much of the credit was issued to local governments, and used discount Oakley sunglasses Outlet Australia to finance infrastructure projects that helped China sustain rapid economic growth in the wake of the financial crisis.

But local government finances in China are notoriously opaque, and financial partnerships with local businesses are particularly murky. Fitch reckons that local government debt levels are now so high that Beijing will, at some point, be forced to assume some of the burden.

At the same time, more and more credit in China is being issued by non-bank lenders.

Fitch estimates the size of the shadow banking sector has now reached 60% of GDP. While cheap oakley sunglasses for sale very little data is available, many analysts are worried because shadow lenders are thought to be dealing primarily with unworthy borrowers. If economic growth falters, the lenders could face default.

"We've got small non-banks, without a whole lot of loss-absorption capacity, extending credit to the weakest borrowers," Charlene Chu, head of China financial institutions at Fitch, said Wednesday.

"There is so little transparency over where the money is going," she said.

Beijing has tried to get a handle on credit issuance in recent years, moving to cool the and cut back on local government debt. But when combined with low wages, Fitch said the persistent nature of the trends has created growing risks for China's financial stability.

Still, there are factors that could lead to a positive ratings outlook for China.

Most analysts, as well as the Chinese government, recognize that China needs to move toward an in which consumption drives growth.

Fitch said "growing evidence" of a successful rebalancing could lead to a positive ratings action. The country's case could be strengthened, the agency oakley sunglasses sale said, if China improved the transparency of its data -- especially at the local level.



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Chun Yeung Street, North Point

Editor's note: Coinciding with the annual Hong Kong Sevens rugby tournament (March 28-30) CNN is profiling parts of Hong Kong in a special series.

(CNN) -- Ding, ding.

Passengers lean back as a Hong Kong tram -- affectionately called "Ding Ding" by locals -- signals its slow approach to the station.

One by one, riders board through the doors at the back and struggle to pass through the narrow turnstiles.

Jammed bags are a common sight.

The tram slowly rolls back into action, cruising through the middle of traffic in some of 's busiest neighborhoods, just as it has for 110 years.

"The tram is such an icon of Hong Kong because it's closely associated with the big events that have happened here over the last century," says Emmanuel Vivant, director and general manager of Hong Kong Tramways.

"The tram has continued its service and accompanied the city through times good or bad. Thus it's very intimately connected to its people."

Often lacking an on board passenger information system or uniformed station staff, Hong Kong's trams can be intimidating for rail virgins.

But they're worth figuring out.

Namely because they're oakley fast jacket cheap a fantastic way to get to know the city.

"Trams run along some of the best parts of Hong Kong," says Vivant.

"It's in the middle of the road with a vantage point [if you sit on the upper deck of the tram]. They travel at a relatively low speed, so you have time to take the views in.

"Inside the tram, you enjoy a special atmosphere, even poetic.

"A lot of cities in the world had replaced their tram networks with cars and buses by the 1950s before realizing the importance of the tram in the 1970s. They then rebuilt the tram networks, but it's different. So Hong Kong is very, very lucky to have the (older) tram in this sense."

How to ride the tram

Hong Kong's tram stations usually sit in an "island" in the middle of the street, though a few are on the side of the road.

Stops are marked by stand-alone green signs.

The tram line runs 30 kilometers on Hong Kong Island, stretching from Kennedy Town on the western end of the line to Shau Kei Wan on the eastern end.

It runs in only two directions -- eastbound and westbound -- but some routes go further than others.

It's really quite simple.

First, decide which direction you're heading.

Then, look for the tram that Oakley Sunglasses goes to or beyond your station. There is a map at the stops.

For example, if you're in Central and want to go to Causeway Bay, all eastbound trams -- those going to North Point, Shau Kei Wan and Causeway Bay -- stop at Causeway Bay station, with the exception of the one going to Happy Valley.

Boarding is through the rear door -- passengers don't pay until they exit through the front.

The fare is HK$2.30 (about 30 U.S. cents per ride), regardless of the length of the journey.

Fares can be paid with cash or by swiping one of Hong Kong's all-purpose inside the tram.

For comparison's sake, it costs more than 50 U.S. cents for a one-stop ride on the more commonly used MTR.

QR codes are posted at most stations, allowing passengers to find out the time of the next three arriving trams.

The longest possible tram ride takes around 90 minutes.

Here are a few tram highlights.

Chun Yeung Street, North Point

"My favorite section is the loop at the terminal in North Point," says Vivant.

This route, which actually terminates at North Point, is the only section of a tram route that runs through the middle of a wet market.

"The wet market on Chun Yeung Street used to Oakley Junior Sunglasses be less organized and vendors would have their stalls set up in the middle of the tramway," says Eric Lee Tsun-lung, founder of tram fan club and the mini-tram cultural museum, .

"When I was young, the tram came and honked 'ding, ding' and the vendors moved to the sides with their stuff before resuming their original position as the tram left," says Lee.

Nowadays, vendors don't set up in the middle of the tracks.

Stalls can be found on both sides of the street though, meaning shoppers can often be seen zipping from one side the other, dodging trams in the process.

Des Voeux Road West, Sheung Wan

On the western side of Hong Kong Island, Des Voeux Road West is packed with dried seafood shops, giving it the nickname "Dried Seafood Street."

"If you go to the Dried Seafood Street in the late morning or early afternoon, you can see something very interesting -- shop owners laying large sieves of dried scallops and salted fishes on the side of the road for sun drying," says Lee. "Some even manage to steal a spot on the roof of the tram station."

In addition to Des Voeux Road West and Chun Yeung Street in the east, Vivant says it's worth taking time to ride the whole route.

"There's the historical area in Sheung Wan, the business center in Central, the commercial center in Causeway Bay and the less eye-catching parts of the east of Hong Kong Island," he says. "It gives you a good idea of all different sides of Hong Kong."

The gallery above has more tram route suggestions.

Tram 120, the oldest running tram

Vivant says Hong Kong Tramways is looking at dedicating a special car for tourists.

In the meantime, there are now 163 trams in operation, each with a different number on the front.

Choosing which one to ride requires special knowledge -- not because of where it goes, but because of its history.

"My favorite is model 120, the only tram built in the 1950s that survives till now," says Lee.

Most of its features are well preserved, including its woven bamboo benches on the upper deck.

"There is only one worker left in the company who knows how to weave these benches," says Vivant.

"There are also two 'party trams' for hire privately, models 28 and 128. Car 128 is our second oldest tram."

Millennium Trams are cars built in 2000 -- models 169 and 170.

"The former management company launched three at that time, hoping it would be the future of Hong Kong trams," says Lee. "But (the cars) were heavily criticized by the public as they look too new, too much like a bus. So they scraped the idea."

Future of the tram

There are about 30 tram cars built after 2010 now in operation, known as seventh generation trams.

"Most of the public hopes that the tram remains how it is, whereas frequent travelers want it to be more comfortable and modern," says Vivant.

"To answer this contradiction, the exterior of the tram shares the same shape as the old tram but it's almost 100 percent new inside. Apart from the wheels or controllers that we reuse sometimes. These are over 80 years old."

Tram cars are now made of aluminum instead of wood, so they're more durable.

New trams have passenger information systems, more handles and new engines.

"Without government subsidies, we have to stay competitive and offer 21st-century service to our passengers," says Vivant.

"It's not commonly known, but we are now 100 percent made in Hong Kong with 150 workers in production and maintenance. We are hoping to use our skills to help other cities rebuild their tram networks."

A four-day tram pass can be purchased on for HK$37 ($4.80); from HK$880 per hour ($113).

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Tuesday, April 1, 2014

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